The strategy of strengthening the country and the army goes first-on the guidance of innovative development of military strategy

The strategy of strengthening the country and the army goes first.

-Guidance on innovative development of military strategy.

21. Why do you say that the accuracy of military strategic science is the greatest chance of winning?

President Xi pointed out that the strategic issue is the fundamental issue of a political party and a country. With accurate strategic judgment, scientific strategic planning and strategic initiative, the cause of the party and the people will be promising. Our military strategy has always served to achieve the strategic objectives of the Party and the country, is a program for planning and guiding the construction and application of military forces, and is related to the overall situation of national defense and army building, reform and preparation for military struggle, the outcome of future wars, the consolidation of our party’s ruling position and the long-term stability of the country. Since the founding of New China, the CPC Central Committee and the Central Military Commission have always adjusted their military strategies in a timely manner according to the central tasks of the Party and the state, the international strategic situation and the development and changes of China’s security environment, actively resolved strategic pressures and risks, and created a favorable internal and external environment for achieving strategic goals.

The essence of military strategy is the general plan of war, and whether the military strategic guidance is correct or not is related to the outcome of the war. During the revolutionary war years, our party formulated a series of correct strategies and tactics according to the comparative changes of enemy forces and the development process of the war. From formulating the strategic guidance of "strategic retreat, luring the enemy into depth" and the military principles of "the enemy advances and retreats, the enemy disturbs us, the enemy is exhausted and we fight, and the enemy retreats and pursues us" in the agrarian revolutionary war, to formulating the general policy of protracted war for War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the operational idea of "guerrilla warfare is basically without relaxing mobile warfare under favorable conditions", and then putting forward the "Ten Military Principles" in the liberation war. Scientific and accurate military strategy is the greatest chance of winning. In the past, our army was able to defeat powerful enemies under the condition of backward weapons and equipment. It is very important to formulate and implement correct military strategic guidance and flexible strategies and tactics. What to fight and how to fight are the core questions that military strategic guidance needs to answer. President Xi pointed out that in the spirit of being responsible for history and the country and the nation, we should strengthen the research and planning of war issues and strive to improve the level of war guidance.

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Comrade Mao Zedong on "Swimming in War"

The stage of military strategists’ activities is built on the objective material conditions, but with this stage, military strategists can direct many vivid, powerful and magnificent live plays.

We don’t allow any commander of the Red Army to become a reckless man. We must encourage every Red Army commander to become a brave and wise hero, who not only has overwhelming courage, but also has the ability to control the changes and development of the whole war. Commanders swim in the sea of war. They don’t sink themselves, but make themselves decide to reach the other side step by step. The law that guides war is the swimming skill of war.

"The soldiers have no constant potential, and the water is impermanent." The vitality of military strategic guidance lies in changing with the times and moving according to the situation. The strategic goal of our party and country is to realize the goal of "two hundred years" and realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. This is the fundamental focus that must be firmly grasped in the innovative development of military strategic guidance. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, President Xi has focused on the new requirements of national development strategy and security strategy, kept pace with the times, innovated military strategic guidance, led the formulation of military strategic guidelines in the new era, gradually built a military strategic system in the new era, made overall plans to promote preparations for military struggles in all directions and fields, effectively responded to unexpected situations in all strategic directions, and led the whole army to withstand the test of complex situations and severe struggles with firm will, flexible strategic strategies and powerful military actions, thus maintaining the overall stability of the national strategy. At present, profound changes have taken place in the international situation and China’s security environment, the mission and tasks of our army have been continuously expanded, and the practice of army building, reform and preparation for military struggle has made great progress. It is necessary to set up military strategic thinking, military strategic policy, baton and responsibility for preparing for war in the new era, and greatly strengthen the preparation for military struggle.

22. Why should we adhere to the strategic thinking of active defense?

In July 2019, the white paper "China’s National Defense in the New Era" was published. This is the first comprehensive national defense white paper published since the 18th CPC National Congress. The white paper solemnly declares that China will unswervingly pursue a defensive national defense policy and will never seek hegemony, expansion or sphere of influence. The strategic thought of active defense is the conclusion drawn by the Communist Party of China (CPC) from summing up historical experience and scientifically judging reality and future, and we should unswervingly adhere to it.

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Six Highlights of the White Paper "China’s National Defense in the New Era"

For the first time, China’s defensive national defense policy system in the new era will be constructed.

For the first time, the mission and task of the "four strategic supports" of the army in the new era were officially disclosed.

For the first time, "never seek hegemony, never expand and never seek the sphere of influence" is regarded as the distinctive feature of China’s national defense in the new era.

For the first time, serving and building a community of human destiny is regarded as an important direction of China’s national defense and army building in the new era.

For the first time, the historical achievements in deepening the reform of national defense and the army were introduced in a panoramic way.

It is the first time to clarify the gap between China’s defense expenditure and security demand through the international comparison of defense expenditure.

The strategic thinking of active defense is the basic point of our party’s military strategic thinking, the general policy that our army has always adhered to and the magic weapon to defeat the enemy. Engels pointed out: "The most effective defense is still active defense by offensive." In the long-term revolutionary war practice, the people’s army has formed a set of active defensive strategic ideas, adhered to the unity of strategic defense and offensive in battle, adhered to the principle of defense, self-defense and taking the initiative after the enemy, and adhered to the principle that "people will not attack me, and I will not commit crimes; If people commit crimes against me, I will commit crimes. " In April 1955, Comrade Mao Zedong put forward at the meeting of the Central Secretariat that the military strategic policy of the new China is active defense. In March 1956, active defense was formally established as a national military strategy. Later, according to the development and changes of the national security situation, the Central Military Commission made many adjustments to the content of the military strategic policy of active defense, which provided a fundamental basis for guiding military struggles in different periods and ensuring overall strategic stability. Should we persist in active defense in the new era? We should not only persist, but also persevere. At the same time, we must proceed from the conditions of the times, enrich and improve the connotation of the strategic thinking of active defense, make a fuss about the word "active", further broaden the strategic vision, update the strategic thinking, move forward the guiding focus, effectively shape the situation, control the crisis, contain the war and win the war.

Strategically, always insisting on active defense is fundamentally determined by the national nature of our country. Marxist view of war holds that the proletariat is fighting a just war, so it is a defensive war. China is a socialist country, taking the road of peaceful development, adhering to an independent foreign policy of peace and pursuing a defensive national defense policy, and will not invade other countries. As a developing country, China has been facing arduous and arduous economic construction tasks and needs a peaceful and friendly external environment. The Chinese nation is a peace-loving nation. The pursuit of peace, harmony and harmony is deeply rooted in the spiritual world of the Chinese nation and deeply melted into the blood of the people of China. In January 2019, the photo exhibition "Zheng He’s Sailing to the West" was held at the headquarters of the European Parliament in Strasbourg, France. During the visit, some members said that China, once the largest power in the world, advocated peace and harmony since ancient times, and never advocated expansion and aggression. Although China had advanced navigation technology in the 15th century, it did not rely on strong ships and guns to plunder everywhere like western countries. This tells an objective fact: there is no gene in the blood of the Chinese nation to invade others and dominate the world. Since the founding of New China more than 70 years ago, China’s national defense construction and development have always focused on meeting its own legitimate needs for security. It has never been hegemonic by bullying the small, bullying the weak, or forming alliances. It has never initiated any war or conflict, and has never occupied an inch of other countries’ territory. History has proved, and will continue to prove, that China will never pursue hegemony and "a strong country will dominate". No matter how China’s national strength and military strength develop,To what extent, it will not pose a threat to other countries. As President Xi declared to the world, "The lion China has woken up, but it is a peaceful, amiable and civilized lion".

Adhering to the strategic thinking of active defense will help us to occupy the moral high ground, master the political and diplomatic initiative, stop the war by force and ensure the peaceful development of the country. "Although the country is big, belligerence will die." Throughout the history of the world, anyone who pursues a military strategy with expansion and hegemony as the fundamental goal and relies on force to invade and expand abroad will eventually fail. After the founding of New China, we adhered to the strategic thinking of active defense, always occupied the international moral commanding heights, and maintained the political and strategic initiative. We are committed to handling territorial issues and maritime delimitation disputes through negotiation and consultation, and have completely solved land border issues with 12 of the 14 neighboring countries, opening up a brand-new road for peaceful settlement of historical issues between countries and international disputes. Even when territorial sovereignty is violated and forced to fight back in self-defense, it is forced to do so when all peaceful means have been exhausted, and it is limited. Adhering to the concept of "One World", we have promoted the building of a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness, justice, win-win cooperation, actively promoted the building of a community of human destiny, created favorable external conditions for China’s development, and continuously enhanced China’s international influence, appeal and shaping power, and stood in the world nation’s forest with a more high-spirited attitude.

Audi Q6 in Taizhou is on sale, with the latest offer of 309,000 yuan! There are plenty of cars.

[car home Taizhou Preferential Promotion Channel] In the current Taizhou market, a large-scale price reduction promotion activity is being carried out, with the highest preferential amount reaching an astonishing 158,600, and the lowest starting price dropping to 309,000. This offer not only attracts the attention of many consumers, but also makes this luxury SUV a hot topic in the recent auto market. In order to ensure that you can enjoy the maximum preferential strength, please be sure to click "Check the car price" in the quotation form in order to get a higher discount.

台州地区奥迪Q6正在优惠,最新报价30.9万!现车充足

Audi Q6 adopts a fashionable and scientific design, and its front face is equipped with a large air intake grille, combined with sharp LED headlights and chrome-plated decoration, showing a strong sense of sports and luxury. The body lines are smooth and dynamic, and the overall style is both fashionable and atmospheric.

Audi Q6 has a body size of 5099*2014*1784mm and a wheelbase of 2980 mm. The spacious interior space brings a comfortable ride experience. The body lines are smooth, with a front tread of 1704mm and a rear tread of 1721mm, which gives the vehicle excellent handling stability. Equipped with 20-inch wheels and 255/50 R20 tires, it shows the unique dynamic and luxurious style of Audi Q6.

台州地区奥迪Q6正在优惠,最新报价30.9万!现车充足

Audi Q6′ s interior design adopts high-end luxury style, showing high-end brand image. The steering wheel is made of leather, which provides a comfortable grip and a good sense of operation, and supports manual adjustment up and down and back and forth to meet the needs of different drivers. The center console is equipped with a 10.1-inch touch screen, which integrates multimedia system, navigation, telephone and voice recognition control system of air conditioner, bringing convenient and intelligent experience to drivers. In addition, the car is equipped with a Type-C interface and multiple USB/Type-C interfaces, which is convenient for passengers to connect devices to charge or transmit data. The front seats are made of leather, and the main and co-pilot seats have the functions of front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment, height adjustment (4-way), leg rest adjustment and lumbar support (4-way), providing excellent riding comfort. The front seats also have a heating function, which provides extra warmth in the cold season. In addition, the driver’s seat is also equipped with electric seat memory function, which is convenient for the driver to quickly adjust to the ideal position. The second row of seats also supports front and rear adjustment and backrest adjustment, and the rear seats can also be laid down in proportion to provide more storage space. On the whole, the interior of Audi Q6 not only pays attention to comfort and convenience, but also fully demonstrates the perfect combination of luxury and technology.

台州地区奥迪Q6正在优惠,最新报价30.9万!现车充足

Audi Q6 is equipped with a 2.0T turbocharged engine, with a powerful power output of 231 HP, a maximum power of 170kW and a maximum torque of 370 N m. With the 7-speed wet dual-clutch gearbox, it brings an efficient and smooth driving experience.

Car home car owners shared his car selection experience, from focusing on Cadillac XT6 to British finidi QX60, and finally choosing Audi Q6. He mentioned that the appearance of Audi Q6 made his choice more clear, and finally booked a car in December last year. He said with satisfaction: "The debut of Audi Q6 made my eyes shine and eventually became my choice."

After the arrest of Ukrainian senior officials for corruption, the inflated military contract was exposed, and the military launched an internal audit.

  Ukrainian President Zelensky. People’s visual data map

  On January 22, a senior Ukrainian official was fired on suspicion of corruption, and after the media disclosed an allegedly inflated military procurement contract, the Ukrainian Ministry of Defence launched an internal audit.

  According to Agence France-Presse reported on the 22nd, Ukrainian Prime Minister Genese ShMigard said on social media on the same day that "the cabinet of the Ukrainian government ordered the dismissal of V.M. Lozinschi’s deputy minister of Ukrainian infrastructure."

  On the 21st, the Ukrainian National Anti-Corruption Bureau arrested Lozinschi on suspicion of corruption. In a statement, the Anti-Corruption Bureau said that Lozinschi accepted a bribe of 400,000 US dollars to facilitate the signing of contracts for purchasing equipment and generators at inflated prices. The arrest of this senior official comes at a time when Ukraine is facing a power shortage after its energy facilities were hit.

  In another corruption-related case, the Ukrainian Ministry of National Defense ordered the start of an internal audit on the 22nd, and is scheduled to hold an "emergency meeting" with Defense Minister Reznikov on the 23rd to learn about the possible false report contract of the Ministry.

  Ukraine’s "Weekly Mirror" previously reported that the Ukrainian Ministry of National Defense signed a military contract with a false high price. According to the media, the price of the contract signed to provide food for Ukrainian soldiers is "two to three times higher" than the current basic food price.

  On the 22nd, Ukrainian President Zelensky said in a routine night video speech that the conflict between Russia and Ukraine reflected the persistent corruption problem in Ukraine, which was intolerable, and he promised to make a key decision to eradicate corruption soon.

  Ukraine has a long-standing corruption problem. After granting Ukraine candidate status last year, the EU has made anti-corruption reform a key condition for Ukraine to join the EU.

The latest price of 2017 Land Rover Range Rover Sport European Standard Edition is quoted in S version.

2017 has a futuristic and dynamic design, a brand-new gorgeous temperament interior, advanced and strong unique appearance, interior and power system, which is brand-new for sports. Its unique soft lines and the inheritance of American thick lines and muscular sense make its visual impact very strong. The redesigned headlights rose as a whole. The 2017 lower roof, sloping roof contour and lighter weight all show the dynamic image of a new generation. The 2017 model is attractive for its exquisite style. Car consultation hotline: 18222125128 (same as WeChat) Xiaohui

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The 2017 model subverts the traditional concept of shape, configuration and performance of four-wheel drive, and the tall and wide vision also makes driving very enjoyable. Powerful entertainment system and spacious space fully meet the passengers’ demand for comfort. The 2017 hard disk navigation system improves the software architecture, and improves the route calculation, guidance function and system reliability. The whole is rougher and wilder, coupled with the three-dimensional design with lines thrown out, which highlights the character of going forward without fear of difficulties. The comprehensively upgraded interior design will provide a more luxurious experience and lead the cutting-edge dynamic fashion.

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The 2017 center console has a clear division of labor, and there are not too many buttons. It is easy to get started when you are familiar with it. The interior is so delicate that it is difficult to tell the difference between it and the others without looking carefully. The work of the seat is treated with double suture lines. Although the seat is wrapped in general, it feels very solid. The 2017 off-road capability inherits the strong style of the family, while the luxurious interior highlights the British luxury temperament.

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For such a car in 2017, in order to ensure its passability, it must not be increased too much, but despite this, the designer still strives to increase the leg space in the back row of the car by 120 mm. The new model still adopts the 255/50 R20 CROSS CONTACT series of Ma brand, and the words Range Rover are etched on ten aluminum alloys, highlighting its unique luxury and dignity. The 2017 model still uses a six-speed automatic manual, and the four-wheel drive controller has always been the basic guarantee for being in the top ranks.

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The 2017 model subverts the traditional concept of shape, configuration and performance of four-wheel drive, and the tall and wide vision also makes driving very enjoyable. Added as a selling point, and upgraded with 8 speeds to improve, the 2017 model’s sensitivity, stability and speed complement each other and will never disappoint fans. The 2017 model is wide, and the overall shape is simple and strong. In the process of acceleration, there is almost no extra feeling except the sound and the feeling of pushing the back.

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The 2017 model can completely describe its dynamic performance with terror. It can quickly and automatically identify various road conditions, intelligently optimize vehicle settings, and provide unparalleled road and all-terrain driving experience for car owners. For the first time, the 2017 model adopted a brand-new platform design and manufacturing, and the road driving strength has surpassed the "big".

Investigation on power exchange mode of new energy vehicles

Charging anxiety is an important factor that restricts the consumption of new energy vehicles. With the continuous improvement of the number of new energy vehicles, how to really power up and refuel is always a concern of everyone. Compared with the charging mode, the new energy vehicle has the advantages of quick recharge. At the moment when the competition in the new energy vehicle market is becoming more and more fierce, it has become an important breakthrough for enterprises to seek new quantity from the continuous increase in favorable policies, to the competition among enterprises, to the warming of the market and the recognition of consumers.

The driver parked the vehicle at the fixed position of the power station, and the staff lifted the buckle on the tray, removed the vehicle battery and replaced it with a fully charged battery. The buckle automatically fell and the vehicle drove out of the power station. The whole process only took about 4 minutes … This is the scene that the reporter saw in a new energy vehicle power station in Beijing. The staff of the power station said: "Excluding the waiting time, it only takes 1 minute to 2 minutes to replace the battery, and the power is as fast as refueling."

The broad development prospect of power exchange mode attracts many car companies and energy companies to enter the market. Recently, Weilai Automobile Beijing’s first fourth generation power station was officially launched, and the power exchange time was reduced to "2 minutes era". Previously, Weilai Automobile announced that it had carried out all-round strategic cooperation on power exchange with seven automobile companies and a number of transportation and energy companies; Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, GAC Ai ‘an and Times Electric Service also signed a cooperation framework agreement for power exchange projects.

Walk into people’s homes

For new energy vehicles, the power exchange mode is not new. As early as 2000, Shanghai Electric Bus began to test bus power exchange, and established the first power exchange station in China in 2015; In 2016, BAIC launched power-changing taxis in cities such as Beijing and Guangzhou, and the power-changing station cooperated with electric bus and parent company Aodong New Energy.

After years of development, taxi drivers in some areas have favored the mode of changing electricity. The reporter observed at the power station that more than 10 taxis came to change electricity in half an hour. The staff of the power station said: "There are 28 batteries stored in our station, and the daily electricity exchange capacity is 70 to 80, which makes the demand for electricity exchange greater on holidays."

A taxi driver told the reporter: "New energy taxis in Beijing can be recharged or changed. I generally choose the mode of changing electricity, mainly because it saves time and there are more power stations in the urban area, so I can run more in one day."

Xu Yanhua, Secretary-General of China Automotive Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance, believes that fast charging of operating vehicles is a rigid demand. At present, fast charging is still in its infancy, network construction needs time, and frequent use of fast charging is not friendly to batteries, so changing batteries is a good choice.

In recent years, the mode of changing electricity for new energy vehicles is gradually moving from the field of operating vehicles to people’s homes. In May 2018, the first power station of Weilai Automobile was completed and put into operation; Nowadays, it has been iterated to the fourth generation power station, supporting multi-brand sharing power exchange, and the power exchange time has been reduced from 8 minutes to more than 2 minutes at the earliest; BaaS (separation of vehicle and electricity) sales model launched during the period laid a solid foundation for the promotion of private car power exchange.

With the increasing number of power exchange stations, the power exchange mode is being accepted by more consumers. As of August this year, the number of power stations in China is about 3,800, of which the number of Weilai automobile power stations is about 2,480, accounting for about 65%. In 2023, Weilai Automobile added 1011 power stations, and the power exchange service exceeded 35 million times.

Tong Zongqi, Deputy Secretary-General of China Automobile Industry Association Charging and Switching Branch and China Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Promotion Alliance, believes that the reason why the switching mode is more and more favored by private car owners is because the price of new energy vehicles can drop sharply after the separation of vehicles and electricity; The life cycle data monitoring of automobile enterprises is friendly to batteries, and the analysis of battery data is convenient for echelon utilization and recycling. In addition, car owners can flexibly choose battery pack capacity according to travel needs, reducing the waste of cruising range.

With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, the power exchange mode has a broad growth soil. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Public Security, as of the first half of 2024, the number of new energy vehicles in China reached 24.72 million, including 18.134 million pure electric vehicles. China Association of Automobile Manufacturers predicts that the production and sales of new energy vehicles in China will reach 11.5 million in 2024, up 20% year-on-year.

"In the future, with the increase in the number of new energy vehicles, there will be a huge market for the power exchange mode in urban scenes. In fact, the power exchange mode helps to solve the user’s pain points caused by the low proportion of private car parking spaces. " Feng Xingya, general manager of Guangzhou Automobile Group, said.

However, some consumers have similar concerns that "the battery is not their own" after the private car is changed. In this regard, Weilai Automobile staff said: "The car battery is actually like a charging treasure. Do we pay attention to the charging treasure or pay more attention to the electricity itself? Many consumers who buy Weilai cars are interested in the power exchange mode. We will strictly test the performance of the battery. Once it is below the standard, the battery will be retired. "

Enterprises are busy entering the market

The rapid development of new energy vehicles’ power exchange mode can not be separated from the support of national policies. In May 2020, the power exchange was first written into the Government Work Report; In October of the same year, the General Office of the State Council issued the Development Plan of New Energy Automobile Industry (2021-2035), which proposed to encourage the application of power exchange mode. In November, 2021, the Safety Requirements for Electric Vehicle Power Exchange was officially implemented, which became the first basic universal national industry standard for China’s power exchange industry.

This year, the Ministry of Finance and other departments issued the "Notice on Piloting Short-board Charging and Replacing Facilities in Counties", which proposed to strive to achieve "full coverage of villages and towns" in charging and replacing infrastructure; Many policies introduced by relevant departments, such as trade-in and consumption promotion, all refer to "improving the infrastructure construction of charging and replacing electricity".

At the enterprise level, Weilai Automobile has been committed to the development of power exchange technology. Li Bin, founder, chairman and CEO of Weilai Automobile, once said that it is difficult and correct to change electricity. After the power exchange network forms a scale of external service, it will become the "moat" of the brand. In November 2023, Weilai Automobile officially announced the opening of the power exchange business.

Many enterprises have entered the power exchange market. Among them, the "Power Exchange Alliance" formed by Weilai Automobile ushered in a period of rapid expansion, and successively signed cooperation agreements on power exchange business with seven automobile companies, namely Changan Automobile, Geely Holding Group, Jiangqi Group, Chery Automobile, Lotus Automobile, Guangzhou Automobile Group and China FAW.

Tong Zongqi said that with the gradual increase in the number of new energy vehicles, car owners’ choice of energy replenishment modes has become more diversified, and electricity exchange is one of them, and it has also received policy support. Some enterprises have invested heavily in power stations in the early stage, and the land and power resources are scarce. The "latecomers" choose to cooperate with the "pioneers" in the power exchange market to reduce repeated investment and serve consumers better. This is a win-win choice.

"With the popularity of new energy vehicles, consumers’ demand for more convenient and faster energy replenishment has become stronger. Expanding the’ friend circle’ of electricity exchange can meet this market demand and enhance market competitiveness. " The relevant person in charge of Weilai Automobile told the reporter that cooperation with other automobile companies can jointly promote the construction of standardized and large-scale energy infrastructure networks, which will contribute to the progress of the entire new energy automobile industry.

Taking Weilai and Guangzhou Automobile Group as examples, the two parties will jointly promote the establishment of a unified battery standard system, cooperate in the research and development of battery-changing passenger cars and compatible battery-changing service stations that adapt to the power-changing systems of both parties, promote the listing of battery-changing models with unified standardized battery packs jointly determined by both parties, and promote the landing of station-side solutions that can provide battery-changing services for both models.

Xu Yanhua said that several years ago, many enterprises planned to build their own power exchange network, but they faced great challenges because the cost of building the station was too high and they could not make a profit without sufficient demand density. Therefore, it is a win-win situation to establish a "friend circle" for power exchange.

In addition to car companies, many energy companies, including Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, China Southern Power Grid, State Grid, Sinopec and PetroChina, have also laid out the electricity exchange market. Among them, Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited EVOGO power exchange service has landed in Xiamen, Chifeng, Shenzhen, Chengdu and other cities, and the cooperative enterprises include FAW, Dongfeng and Guangzhou Automobile. In addition, Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited and Didi have set up a joint venture company for power exchange, which provides power exchange services for many new energy vehicles from the scene of car sharing on the Internet. In the second half of this year, a new generation of products and more partners will be released.

In the field of commercial vehicles, Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited’s self-developed one-stop scheme for replacing heavy truck chassis with electricity has been released, and together with Fujian Expressway, it has built a green logistics line for replacing heavy truck with electricity, with a total length of about 420 kilometers and equipped with four heavy truck replacement power stations.

At present, the "chocolate" battery-changing model jointly developed by GAC Ai ‘an and Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited is advancing; Many car companies such as Chang ‘an and Geely are also accelerating the layout of electric vehicles. Orient securities Research Report predicts that by 2025, the proportion of domestic battery-changing vehicles is expected to reach 30%. Open source securities predicts that the market size of China’s power exchange industry chain is expected to reach 133.4 billion yuan in 2025.

Multi-party win-win situation

At present, the power exchange track is heating up. However, just like the two sides of a coin, there are many unsolved problems in the power exchange mode.

The power exchange mode has been developed in an all-round way, but it is limited by the lack of unified standards, including battery pack specifications, vehicle chassis structure and mechanical connection methods. Tongzongqi bluntly said: "battery standardization is difficult to unify. It’s not that there are no standards, but that everyone wants to use their own standards. " Some insiders believe that the most important thing in the power exchange mode is to solve the standardization problem. Once the unified standard is realized, the market will take off. Xu Yanhua called on enterprises to avoid "fighting on their own" because it is not only a waste of resources, but also inconvenient for consumers to use.

Scale is also a constraint that cannot be ignored. The power exchange mode can not form scale effect in a short time, which restricts the profitability of enterprises to a great extent. On the one hand, compared with AC slow-filling piles and DC fast-filling piles, the cost of building a power station is higher, and the investment in spare batteries, storage and equipment maintenance is expensive; On the other hand, the insufficient demand density for power exchange will also lead to the loss of a single station in the power exchange station.

According to the research report released by China Post Securities, the comprehensive cost of Weilai Automobile’s second generation power station is about 3.5 million yuan, including 1.5 million yuan for equipment investment, 1 million yuan for batteries (13 70kWh/75kWh/100kWh batteries), 650,000 yuan for electricity (assuming 30 times of service every day), 200,000 yuan for rent and 150,000 yuan for labor (two shifts). Talking about the demand density, the relevant person in charge of Weilai Automobile said that when the daily average service volume of a single station in the power station exceeds 60, the power station can achieve profitability. In other words, only when the power exchange reaches a sufficient scale will the profit come naturally.

There are still many difficulties to be overcome in the wide application of power exchange stations, but it has become a general consensus in the industry to seek win-win cooperation and development. Weilai actively "hands in hand" with all parties and released a clear signal. Li Bin once said: "As long as you are willing to participate in the power exchange and make some necessary modifications to the chassis of its products to match the standards of our next-generation battery packs, we are welcome. This is actually a win-win situation. " Xu Yanhua admits that she has long been concerned about and supported the construction of power stations, and hopes that everyone can strengthen cooperation.

In the face of "a hundred flowers blossom" in various ways of charging energy, such as fast charging, slow charging, overcharging and changing power stations, it is generally believed in the industry that in the future, charging and changing power modes are complementary, not antagonistic.

Tong Zongqi said that as the usage scenarios of car owners become more and more detailed, the demand for differentiated charging services is not the same. In the future, the combination of fast and slow charging for daily use, long-distance travel and highway overcharging and power exchange complement each other, and charging and power exchange mode is one of the technical directions for new energy vehicles to replenish energy. Xu Yanhua believes that different customers and different scenarios have formed different needs, so the charging and power exchange modes will coexist for a long time. (China Economic Net reporter Jiang Zhiwen Zhang Wei)

How to deal with the garbage in the dump? What are the methods and processes for garbage disposal?

In the process of real estate development and operation, garbage disposal in garbage dump is a problem that cannot be ignored. Reasonable disposal of garbage is not only related to environmental sanitation, but also affects the value of surrounding real estate and the quality of life of residents. The following will introduce the methods and processes of garbage disposal in detail.

Garbage disposal methods mainly include the following. Landfill is a common treatment method, which fills the garbage into the prepared pit and then compacts the covering soil layer. This method is relatively simple in operation and low in cost. But it also has some disadvantages, such as occupying a lot of land resources, and harmful substances in garbage may penetrate into soil and groundwater, causing environmental pollution.

Incineration method is to burn garbage at high temperature and convert it into ash, gas and heat. Incineration can significantly reduce the volume of garbage, and at the same time, it can also use the generated heat to generate electricity or heat. However, some harmful gases, such as dioxins, will be produced in the incineration process, which will cause serious pollution to the atmospheric environment if not handled properly.

Composting method is to use microorganisms to decompose organic matter in garbage and turn it into organic fertilizer. This method is suitable for treating garbage containing a lot of organic matter, such as kitchen waste. Composting can not only reduce the amount of garbage, but also produce fertilizer beneficial to the soil, but the composting process takes a long time and requires high classification of garbage.

The process of garbage disposal generally includes four links: collection, transportation, treatment and disposal. In the collection process, it is necessary to classify and collect garbage according to its types and properties, which is helpful for the subsequent treatment. For example, separate recyclables, harmful waste and other garbage.

In the transportation link, special garbage transport vehicles need to be used to ensure that garbage will not leak and emit odor during transportation. Transport vehicles should be cleaned and maintained regularly to ensure the safety and hygiene of transportation.

The processing link carries out corresponding operations according to different garbage disposal methods. If the landfill method is adopted, the garbage needs to be compacted and covered; When incineration is adopted, the incineration equipment should be strictly operated and managed; When composting is adopted, the conditions such as temperature, humidity and ventilation of composting should be controlled.

The disposal link is to arrange the treated products reasonably. For the garbage after landfill treatment, long-term monitoring and maintenance should be carried out to prevent environmental pollution problems; For the ashes produced by incineration, it is necessary to carry out safe landfill or comprehensive utilization; Organic fertilizer produced by composting can be used in agricultural production and other fields.

In order to compare the advantages and disadvantages of different garbage disposal methods more clearly, the following is a simple table:

processing method advantage disadvantage? burial method,burying method Simple operation and low cost. Occupy land, pollute soil and groundwater Incineration The volume reduction effect is good, and energy can be recycled. Harmful gas is generated, and the equipment investment is large. Composting method Can produce organic fertilizer Long processing time and high classification requirements.

In the actual garbage disposal work, appropriate disposal methods and processes should be selected according to the characteristics of garbage, local environmental conditions and economic conditions, so as to realize effective garbage disposal and rational utilization of resources and create a good environment for real estate projects.

(Editor: Zhang Xiaobo)

[Disclaimer] This article only represents the author’s own views and has nothing to do with Hexun. Hexun.com is neutral about the statements and opinions in this article, and does not provide any express or implied guarantee for the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the contents. Readers are requested for reference only, and please take full responsibility. Email: news_center@staff.hexun.com.

23 Dodge Challengers 3.6LV6 The lowest price of 400,000 muscular men in the car.

As an American muscle model, 23 Dodge Challengers need to be sloppy and rough to be more American. There is such a car, when you first see it, your heart is a little throbbing, and at the same time, you are more appreciative. Most friends who have feelings for the American muscle car will love it, even regard it as a treasure, and it is the Dodge Challenger.

Sales Manager: 13034318716 Manager Ju WeChat Synchronization

Black Yao Bao (black wheel, black taillight ring, black fuel tank cover, black grille, black small tail wing, leather performance steering wheel)

Sales Manager: 13034318716 Manager Ju WeChat Synchronization

I believe that most people get to know each other in the movies of Speed and Passion, especially when Van Dissel drives it through the streets. As one of his cars in the movie, Dodge’s sense of power must have left a lingering impression in your mind, and the more cool gold will return to the king in the 2023 model. Sales Manager: 13034318716 Manager Ju WeChat Synchronization

23 Dodge Challengers will get a 3.6-liter Pentastar V-6 engine, which will be used in the transmission of SXT and SXT P. Dodge provides the new car with an eight-speed automatic transmission. In terms of suspension, keeping the side up is an independent suspension with a five-bar linkage at the back. In order to help reduce the image of a straight-line hero, Challenger also provides various performance suspension and braking components with excellent functions, including Bilstein impact, lower driving height and new steering adjustment. Sales Manager: 13034318716 Manager Ju WeChat Synchronization

In addition, it also comes standard with electric power steering and offers the option of adaptive damping system. Although both the exterior interior and the dynamic performance are very exciting, with the development of parallel imports in China, Dodge Challenger has also entered the eyes of the people from the movies, and more and more car lovers have entered the car club of this car, and more people will own this car, which will become a beautiful landscape in the streets and alleys all over the country in the future! However, it is equipped with a 3.6L V6 engine. In appearance, it has 20-inch wheels, LED light sources and other configurations. The appearance is more scientific and sporty, and it is more attractive with retro design. Sales Manager: 13034318716 Manager Ju WeChat Synchronization

Sales Manager: 13034318716 Manager Ju WeChat Synchronization

Biden’s government announced new sanctions against Iran, and the Iranian nuclear talks, which have just improved, are getting cold?

  A few days ago, Iran announced on October 27th that it agreed to restart the the Iranian nuclear deal negotiations before the end of November, which seemed to bring dawn to the stalled negotiations for several months. However, the recent sanctions imposed by the United States on Iran and Iran’s tough response have once again cast a shadow over this soon-to-be negotiation.

  According to Reuters, US Secretary of State Blinken said on October 31st that the United States, Britain, Germany and France were "completely synchronized" in bringing Iran back to the Iranian nuclear deal, but he said it was unclear whether Iran was willing to rejoin the negotiations. Although Iran promised to restart the negotiations at the end of October, after the US announced sanctions against some Iranian enterprises and individuals on October 29, Iran accused the US of being "untrustworthy", and the two key parties in the Iranian nuclear talks fell into a crisis of confidence again.

  Since April this year, relevant parties in the Iranian nuclear deal have held six rounds of talks in the Austrian capital, Vienna, to discuss the resumption of compliance between the United States and Iran. Due to the serious differences between the United States and Iran and the change of leadership of the Iranian government, a new round of talks has been delayed.

  Appeal and sanction at the same time?

  Recently, the Biden administration’s actions on the Iran issue have shown the characteristics of "two sides". On the one hand, it urged Iran to return to the Iranian nuclear deal, on the other hand, it imposed sanctions on Iran again.

  On October 30th, the leaders of the United States, Germany, Britain and France met during the G20 Summit in Rome, Italy. According to Al Jazeera, the leaders of the four countries said in a joint statement issued after the meeting that US President Biden promised that the US would return to the comprehensive agreement on the Iranian nuclear issue "conditionally". Biden’s "conditional" means that the United States is willing to return to and fully abide by the Iranian nuclear deal as long as Iran resumes its compliance.

  "Only if Iran changes its direction will it be possible to resume the agreement." The leaders of the four countries pointed out in the joint statement that "we urge Iranian President Leahy to seize the opportunity and take sincere actions" to avoid a "dangerous escalation" of the situation.

  It is worth mentioning that, according to the National Public Radio (NPR), the leaders of the four countries also stated in the joint statement that they would not relax the sanctions against Iran until Iran took the first step, that is, gradually stopped developing nuclear weapons. For a long time, Iran has always denied this accusation.

  In fact, although the United States called on Iran to return to the Iranian nuclear deal, it did not give up the use of "sanctions" to put pressure on Iran. The Wall Street Journal reported that the U.S. Treasury Department announced in a statement on October 29th that it would sanction two Iranian enterprises and three related individuals, saying that they provided "critical support" for the UAV project of Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and its subordinate quds force.

  Earlier, a US military base in the Tanf region of southern Syria was attacked by several drones on October 20, and US officials believed that Iran provided support for the attack. Iran has repeatedly denied the allegations against Iran’s drone project, saying that its progress in the military and defense fields is not for aggressive purposes, but only for deterrence.

  Regarding why the United States took sanctions against Iran at this time, Qian Xuming, assistant director of the Middle East Institute of Shanghai International Studies University, told The Paper (www.thepaper.cn), "The sanctions taken by the United States on the issue of drones are to maintain the balance between Iran and Israel." According to Ha ‘aretz, Israel reported on October 30, before the U.S. Treasury imposed sanctions on some Iranian enterprises and individuals on the 29th, Israel handed over comprehensive information about the person in charge of Iran’s drone program to the U.S. government.

  Qian Xuming further pointed out that "this move (the United States initiated sanctions) has a certain impact on the resumption of negotiations promised by the Iranian side." Iranian Deputy Foreign Minister Bagheri said on October 27th that Iran agreed to restart the Iranian nuclear talks before the end of November, and the sole goal of the new round of talks was to "lift the cruel and illegal sanctions imposed by the United States on Iran".

  Iran: Biden’s government is "contradictory" and "untrustworthy"

  On October 29th, Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesman khatib Zadeh said that the sanctions imposed by the United States on some entities and individuals involved in Iran’s UAV project exposed the "completely contradictory" behavior of the United States and showed that the United States was "untrustworthy".

  Reuters reported that according to the news published on the website of the Iranian Foreign Ministry, khatib Zadeh believed that the current US government expressed its willingness to return to the comprehensive agreement on the Iranian nuclear issue, but continued the Trump-era sanctions, which showed that the United States was actually "untrustworthy".

  Khatib Zadeh said that the United States’ extreme pressure policy against Iran has not achieved any purpose so far, and continuing this failed policy will only bring new failures. American pressure and sanctions will not weaken the Iranian government’s determination to safeguard security and tranquility. In this regard, Qian Xuming predicted that "from the perspective of the game situation between the United States and Iran, on the surface, the United States is aggressive. In fact, Iran will not easily make major concessions on the Iranian nuclear negotiations."

  In addition to distrust of Biden’s administration’s contradictory words and deeds, the Iranian side has also begun to question the true intention of the United States to return to the Iranian nuclear deal. According to Reuters, citing Iran Daily, the official Iranian media, Iranian Foreign Minister Abdullahiyan pointed out sharply on October 31st that if the United States really intends to return to the Iranian nuclear deal, Biden can achieve this goal by issuing an executive order, and "there is no need for these negotiations".

  Qian Xuming pointed out to The Paper that on the one hand, the United States indicated that it would return to the Iranian nuclear deal, on the other hand, it restricted Iran’s means of expanding its influence in the Middle East, which would lead to a complicated and long-term Iranian nuclear issue.

The 2024 Sylphy has made a move, with a drop of 38,800 yuan and 1.6L+CVT, until May 6.

Recently, the author learned that Dongfeng Nissan Sylphy classic series models, starting from April 20, have preferential activities, down 38,800. The Xuanyi classic series models, that is, the 2024 Xuanyi models on sale, have an official guide price range of 108,600 to 122,600, starting from 69,800 yuan after the discount and ending on May 6.

In terms of models, at present, Sylphy 2024 Classic 1.6L XCVT Comfort Edition, Sylphy 2024 Classic 1.6L XL CVT Deluxe Edition and Sylphy 2024 Classic 1.6L XV CVT Exclusive Edition can enjoy this right.

In terms of product strength, the 2024 Sylphy is equipped with a 1.6L 122 horsepower L4 engine and matched with CVT continuously variable transmission. The front suspension is McPherson independent suspension, and the rear suspension is longitudinal arm torsion beam independent suspension. The comprehensive fuel consumption of WLTC is 5.94L/100km, which is economical in daily travel.

In terms of differentiation, these three cars have the same body size and the same power system. The classic 1.6L XE CVT luxury version of Sylphy 2024 is more equipped with functions such as reversing image, single sunroof, driving recorder and remote control of mobile App than the classic 1.6L XCVT comfort version of Sylphy 2024. The exclusive version of Sylphy 2024 classic 1.6XXV CVT is more equipped with intelligent remote control key, keyless entry and keyless start than the luxury version of Sylphy 2024 classic 1.6XL CVT, which is more convenient to get on the bus.

In terms of sales volume, Sylphy’s retail sales volume in March 2024 was 29,674 vehicles, up 28.07% year-on-year and 49.28% quarter-on-quarter, with 9,796 vehicles sold more than in February, ranking second among compact cars. However, compared with December 2023, the retail sales volume in that month was 48,385, and the sales volume declined. Now, it will be helpful to launch preferential activities.

Do you know whether the pinyin "O" is pronounced "O" or "Wo"? The expert replied.

  On July 6, 2021, in Mingzhu Community, Minzhu Town, Langao County, Ankang City, Shaanxi Province, the staff of "4: 30 Class" were teaching children to read pinyin. Xinhua news agency

  Xin Yuan/Cartography

  figure 1

    Recently, the pronunciation of the pinyin letter "O" has aroused widespread concern and discussion, and the reading volume of related topics is nearly 100 million. One of them is entitled "Do you know? Is the pinyin "O" pronounced "Ou" or "Wo"? Weibo believes that "many people will ‘ o’ Read as ‘ Wo ’ . The staff of the Ministry of Education said that according to the current teaching standards, the pronunciation of # Pinyin O should be pronounced in Europe #. "

    According to the author’s search, the content comes from a tweet "Pinyin" O pronounced "Europe" or "Wo" published by WeChat official account Capital Education, the official WeChat of Beijing Municipal Education Commission. 》。 The article holds that: "At present, academic circles are concerned about ‘ o’ The pronunciation of ""has always been controversial, and there is no special unified consensus. At present, the pronunciation of teachers in teaching is set according to the teaching standards issued by the education authorities every year, and the current standard is to identify ‘ o’ It is a single vowel, pronounced ‘ Europe ’ 。”

    From this point of view, it seems that reading the vowel "o" as "ou" is the official opinion. However, the paper does not point out the source of the document "Teaching Standards issued by the education authorities every year", and the author has no way to verify it.

    As a member of the research group entrusted by the Ministry of Education, I was very concerned about this topic. Here, I want to talk about how to pronounce the vowel "o" from three aspects: the source of the Chinese Pinyin Scheme (hereinafter referred to as the Scheme), the original intention of the developer and the actual pronunciation of Beijing pronunciation.

    First of all, we should make it clear that the pronunciation of Chinese phonetic letters in the Alphabet (called the "names" of letters in the Scheme) is not the same as the pronunciation of initials and finals in the Initial List and the Final List. When people ask how to pronounce the "O" in "ι, O, E", they refer to the pronunciation of the vowel "O", not the pronunciation (name) of the letter "O" in the Alphabet "N, O, P". Therefore, what we are discussing here is the pronunciation of the vowel "o", not the pronunciation of the letter "o", although the pronunciation of the two is the same in the Scheme.

    The author thinks that the vowel "o" in the vowel table should be pronounced "wo" instead of "ou".

    Historically, the Scheme comes from the phonetic alphabet developed by the Pronunciation Unification Association before liberation (agreed in 1913, published in 1918, revised in 1920, and renamed as "phonetic symbol" in 1930) and the "French phonetic alphabet of Mandarin Roman characters" developed by the Mandarin research society "Several People Association" (agreed in 1926 and published in 1928).

    Li jinxi, a famous linguist, used to be a member of the Research Committee of Mandarin Romance Pinyin, and also a member of the Association of Several People. In his book The Basic Tool of Chinese Standardization — — From phonetic alphabet to phonetic alphabet, it is clearly pointed out that the phonetic alphabet "ㄛ" is "‘ Wo ’ It explains that Beijing has always pronounced the vowel "ㄛㄛ" as "ㄨㄛ" because it can only spell "ㄨㄛ".

    Qian Xuantong, a famous linguist, is one of the members of the "Association of Numbers". He interprets the pronunciation of "O" in the Roman characters (Latin letters) in Mandarin as follows: In fact, there is no such vowel in Mandarin, "Wo, Guo, Kuan, Fire, Wave, Slope, mo, Buddha, Duo, Camel, Nuo, Luo, Zuo, Wrong, Suo. As for other sounds, they must be spelled with uo. (quoted from Wang Li’s Chinese Phonology)

    Zhou Zumo, a famous linguist and professor of Peking University, once served as a member of the "Audition Committee" after liberation. He pointed out in the "Chinese Pinyin Letter Learning Method (Revised Edition)" that "O" is a post vowel. The tongue position is lower than u, and later. The back of the tongue surface bulges to the soft palate, the tip of the tongue hangs under the lower teeth, the lips are slightly round, but not prominent, and the muscles are not tense. This is the vowel sound in the words "dial" (bō), "slope" (pō) and "touch" (mō).

    Mr. Zhou Youguang, a famous linguist who participated in the development of the Plan, once said when recalling the formulation process of the Plan: "bo" is written in Beila (referring to "the new Latin script of northern dialect") and "do" is written in Duomo. Pinyin (referring to "Scheme") means "bo" for "Bo" and "duo" for "Duo". It is suggested that all the letters can be saved by writing in Beila. It is also suggested that the word "wave" should be written as "buo", which is unified in specifications and conforms to the principle. After studying, the Program Committee decided to adopt the traditional writing method of phonetic alphabet. ("Recalling the Formulation Process of the Chinese Pinyin Scheme")

    Mr. Xu Shirong participated in the development of the Program, and served as a member of the Audition Committee for two times. When explaining the pronunciation of the vowel "o", he said: [see Figure 1]=o, and the vowel with a round lip in the second half [see Figure 1] is a slightly opened symbol under [o]. Appears after "lip sounds" B, P, M, F and round-lipped vowel u([u] or [w]). A Brief Introduction to Phoneme in Beijing.

    Since the vowel "O" in the Scheme is used to mark the vowels of the words "Bo" (bō), "Po" (pō), "Mo" (mō) and "Buddha" (fó) according to the original intention of the developer, the correct pronunciation of "O" should take the vowels of these words, that is, these syllables. The author is not from Beijing, but has lived in Beijing for more than 20 years. The author tried to ask several Beijing-born teachers and friends, and they would naturally pronounce uo.

    The vowel "O" after the initial of lip sound in Beijing pronunciation is a variant of the same vowel as "uo" after other vowels, which can not only be verified by Beijing people’s sense of language, but also be supported by experimental phonetics.

    When describing the phonetic value of the vowel "o" in Putonghua, famous experimental phoneticians, Professor Lin Tao from Peking University and Professor Wang Lijia pointed out that the tongue position of o[o] is slightly lower than that of the positioning vowel [o] in the international phonetic alphabet, and it is a post vowel between half-high and half-low, and the strict phonetic notation should be [oт]. Because the tongue position of [o] is obviously lower than that of [u], the degree of round lips is also worse than that of [u]. In Mandarin, [oт] only appears after the lip consonant alone, and there is often a very short [u] in front of it, so the strict phonetic notation of [o] should be [uoт], but this [u] is actually only a transitional sound between the lip consonant and [o], and the degree of round lips is poor, which is also the inevitable result of the low tongue position. (Phonetics Course)

    Mr. Shi Feng, a well-known experimental phonetician and a member of the research group "Formulation of Pronunciation Criterion of Putonghua and Revision of Pronunciation Table of Different Pronunciation Words in Putonghua", pointed out when describing the phonetic value of the vowel "o" in Putonghua: the actual pronunciation of the vowel o[o] after the lip consonant is lipped [u] and has a vowel u, which should be a second-order vowel like the uo after other initials. ("Reanalysis of Putonghua Vowels")

    The Chinese character marked with the vowel "O" in the Scheme is "Oh". The word "oh" has two pronunciations, one is an exclamation (also written as "oh") and the other is a cock’s cry (w), so we are not sure how to pronounce the vowel. However, according to the descriptions of several scholars who participated in the development of Mandarin Roman characters and the Plan, we know that this vowel refers to the vowel in the syllables represented by the Chinese characters "Bo, Po, Mo and Buddha", not to the vowel of the exclamation.

    Of course, we can’t completely rule out the speculator’s intention to use the exclamation "oh" to express the vowel of a single vowel (going back to Qian Xuantong’s Notes on the Changes of Phonetic Symbols in the Past Eighteen Years, we can see that the Chinese characters he noted on the vowel "o" are really "oh", which is contradictory to his own statement about the vowel "o" quoted in the previous article). However, the reading method of interjections changes greatly in people’s oral actual sound value, or has great vagrancy and uncertainty. The reason why "oh not" is written as "oh" and "yo y not" is written as "yo" shows that the vowel "o" in exclamatory words is closer to the [] in the international phonetic alphabet (see Wu Shuyan’s Pronunciation of the vowel o in Chinese Pinyin Scheme), so the exclamations "oh (oh)" yo (yo).

    To sum up, the vowel "O" in "Scheme" is used to mark the vowel symbols of "Bo" (bō), "Po" (pō), "Mo" (mō) and "Buddha" (fó) according to the original intention of the developer. "O" is only spelled with the initial consonant of lip sound, while "uo" is only spelled with other initial consonants other than the initial consonant of lip sound, and their positions are complementary, so we can think that "O" and "uo" are different variants of the same vowel. Reading "O" as "Wo" is not only in line with the original intention of the developers of the Scheme and the actual pronunciation of Beijing dialect, but also in line with the principles of general phonetics, and can be verified by experimental phonetics, which is a correct pronunciation, rather than a "misunderstanding" as mentioned in the above-mentioned tweets and posts.

    Now some people pronounce the vowel "o" as "ou", which may be influenced by the pronunciation of the English letter "o", and it may also be related to the fact that these people don’t know that the pronunciation of letters in the Alphabet and the pronunciation of vowels in the vowel table are two different things. Reading the vowel "o" as "ou" not only does not conform to the original intention of the developers of the Scheme, but also causes the vowel to be mixed with another vowel "ou ou" that has no historical origin and complementary distribution, which is an undesirable mispronunciation. If the vowel "o" is read as "ou", then "bo", "po", "touch" and "Buddha" should be read as bōu, pōu, mōu and Fó u. Isn’t that ridiculous?

    Article 18 of Chapter 1 of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on National Common Language stipulates: "The national common language uses the Chinese Pinyin Scheme as a tool for spelling and phonetic notation. The Chinese Pinyin Scheme is a unified standard for the spelling of Roman letters in Chinese’s names, place names and Chinese documents, and is used in areas where Chinese characters are inconvenient or unusable. Primary education should be taught in Chinese Pinyin. " The Chinese Pinyin Scheme is the national standard of Chinese Pinyin and has the binding effect of laws and regulations. Reading the vowel "o" as "ou" is a wrong pronunciation and should be corrected. The author appeals that the media should be cautious when releasing information related to language standards or regulations, so as to avoid the negative impact on the teaching of Chinese Pinyin and the promotion of Putonghua in primary education and teaching Chinese as a foreign language.

    (Author: Meng Pengsheng, a researcher at the Institute of Chinese Language and Literature, Southwest University)