"Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic thought of the supreme leader in the new era is the theoretical crystallization of promoting China’s economic development practice in the past five years, the latest achievement of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s political economy, and a very valuable spiritual wealth of the party and the country. It must be persisted and continuously enriched for a long time." The just-concluded Central Economic Work Conference clarified the economic thought of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, the supreme leader in the new era, with the new development concept as the main content. Learning, understanding and implementing this thought is the basis and premise for promoting the high-quality development of China’s economy in the new era. How to correctly understand the profound connotation and great significance of this thought? On December 20th, our reporter interviewed many experts for the first time.
Insist on strengthening the party’s centralized and unified leadership over economic work
The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that we insist on strengthening the Party’s centralized and unified leadership over economic work to ensure that China’s economy develops in the right direction.
"The leadership of the party is the greatest advantage of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and the fundamental political guarantee for achieving sustained and healthy economic and social development." Han Baojiang, director of the Economics Department of the Central Party School, said: since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, in the face of the external environment of weak world economic recovery, frequent local conflicts and turmoil, and aggravated global problems, and a series of profound changes such as China’s economic development entering a new normal, we have persisted in strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the Party over economic work, ensured that China’s economy is moving in the right direction, and made historic achievements in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.
Economic development has entered a new era and put forward many new requirements for the work of the party and the state. Facing the new situation and new tasks, to do a good job in economic work, we must persist in strengthening the party’s centralized and unified leadership over economic work.
"The Party Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core gives full play to the leading core role of taking the overall situation into account and coordinating all parties, so that the huge ship of China’s economy can be stable and far-reaching." Han Baojiang said: to strengthen the Party’s centralized and unified leadership over economic work, it is very important to faithfully implement the strategic deployment and various requirements of the CPC Central Committee.
"The key to strengthening the party’s centralized and unified leadership over economic work lies in cadres." Han Baojiang said that China’s great achievements that have attracted worldwide attention today show that our cadre team as a whole is adapted to the great tasks and missions of reform, opening up and socialist modernization. However, in the face of the complicated domestic and international environment, the quality of our cadres needs to be further improved. We should optimize the knowledge structure and professional structure of the leading bodies and strive to train more experts in leading economic work.
Adhere to the people-centered development thought
The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that adhering to the people-centered development thought runs through the overall layout of the "five in one" and the coordinated promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout.
"Make people’s sense of acquisition, happiness and security more substantial, more secure and more sustainable". The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized the people-centered development thought at a new height, which is not only the important content of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, but also one of the basic strategies for upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, a large number of measures to benefit the people have taken root, bringing a full sense of gain. Decisive progress has been made in the fight against poverty, education has developed in an all-round way, the employment situation has continued to improve, the income growth rate of urban and rural residents has exceeded the economic growth rate, the social security system covering urban and rural residents has been basically established, and people’s lives have been continuously improved.
"As Socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era, we need to adhere to and implement the people-centered development thought. The people have broader needs and higher requirements for a better life. They yearn for a higher level of material and cultural life, and also look forward to the continuous improvement and improvement of democracy, rule of law, fairness, justice, security and environment. Only by persisting in taking the people as the center and through more balanced and full development can we continuously meet the new needs of the people in the new era. " Luo Laijun, a researcher at the National Development and Strategy Institute of Renmin University of China, said.
Taking the people as the center, we must build a complete development system and security system for people’s livelihood. "On the issue of people’s livelihood, the party and the state have put forward a series of specific goals and development areas, including social fairness and justice, education for young children, learning and teaching, income from labor, medical care for the sick, support for the old, shelter and support for the weak, as well as people’s sense of gain and all-round development. These aspects constitute a complete development system and security system for people’s livelihood." Luo Laijun said.
Taking the people as the center, we must solve the most concerned, direct and realistic interests of the people. The Central Economic Work Conference put forward that it is necessary to make precise policies on issues of concern to the people, focus on solving outstanding problems such as heavy extracurricular burden of primary and secondary school students, "school choice fever" and "large class size", and solve the problems of infant care and early childhood education services; Pay attention to solving structural employment contradictions and solve the problems of gender discrimination and identity discrimination; Reform and improve the basic old-age insurance system and accelerate the national overall planning of old-age insurance; Continue to solve the problem of "difficult and expensive medical treatment" and encourage social funds to enter the fields of old-age care and medical care. "These measures are concrete manifestations of the people-centered development thinking, which will actually enhance people’s sense of gain." Luo Laijun said.
Adhere to adaptation, grasp and lead the new normal of economic development
The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that we should persist in adapting to the new normal of leading economic development, base ourselves on the overall situation and grasp the law.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China’s economy has been under great pressure of "three-phase superposition" in the growth rate shifting period, the painful period of structural adjustment and the digestive period of the previous stimulus policy. The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core comprehensively analyzed the long period of the world economy and the characteristics of China’s development stages and their interaction, and made a major judgment that China’s economic development entered a new normal.
The new normal has new features. Economic development has entered a new normal, which is mainly reflected in three characteristics: speed — — "From high-speed growth to medium-high-speed growth", structure — — "The economic structure is constantly optimized and upgraded", which is the driving force — — "From factor-driven and investment-driven to innovation-driven".
"The major judgment of the new economic normal has scientifically answered the question of how to look at and do China’s economic development." Pan Jiancheng, deputy director of the China Economic Prosperity Monitoring Center of the National Bureau of Statistics, said that to do a good job in economic work, it is necessary to respect economic laws, and economic development has entered a new normal, which is an inevitable reflection of the staged characteristics of China’s economic development and an inevitable trend that is independent of people’s will.
The new normal must have new achievements. Adapting to the new normal, grasping the new normal and leading the new normal are the great logic of China’s economic development at present and in the future. Under the new normal, China’s economy is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. It is necessary to change ideas, strengthen policy coordination, promote leap-forward development, and run the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing through the whole process of economic development.
"China’s economy has shifted from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage, and new things must be done under the new normal." Pan Jiancheng believes that to persist in adapting to the new normal of leading economic development and promoting high-quality development, it is necessary to truly return the past concern about economic growth to improving the quality and efficiency of economic development, to transforming the development mode to promote transformation and upgrading, to promote social fairness and justice, to enhance people’s well-being, and to return to the green mountains where everyone enjoys.
Insist on making the market play a decisive role in resource allocation and give full play to the role of the government.
The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that we should persist in making the market play a decisive role in resource allocation, give better play to the role of the government, and resolutely remove institutional and institutional obstacles to economic development.
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Several Major Issues of Comprehensively Deepening Reform, adopted by the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, clearly stated that the economic system reform should "make the market play a decisive role in resource allocation and better play the role of the government", which became another major breakthrough in our party’s reform theory. Putting forward the decisive role of the market in allocating resources clearly shows that the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core is constantly deepening and improving its understanding of market laws.
"The key to building a modern economic system is to develop the real economy and deepen the structural reform of the supply side. The key is to make the market play a decisive role in resource allocation and give better play to the role of the government." Chi Fulin, president of China (Hainan) Reform and Development Research Institute, believes that in the past five years, the reform of the administrative system focusing on decentralization has played an important role in releasing the reform dividend, promoting economic transformation and coping with the downward pressure on the economy. Facing the new situation of increasing risk factors in economic operation, deepening decentralization with the focus on regulatory changes is conducive to further using the two "hands" of the market and the government.
Chen Dongqi, chief expert of China Macroeconomic Research Institute, believes that to make the market play a decisive role in the allocation of resources, it is necessary to speed up the construction of the basic market system, including improving the rules system conducive to promoting fair competition, implementing the fair competition review system, clearing up the regulations and practices that hinder fair access, further deepening the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, and formulating and implementing the negative list, power list and responsibility list system.
Persist in adapting to the main contradictions and changes in China’s economic development and improve macro-control
The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that we should persist in adapting to the main contradictions and changes in China’s economic development, improve macro-control, make a choice according to circumstances, prescribe a correct prescription, and take promoting supply-side structural reform as the main line of economic work.
"Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the main contradiction in our society has been transformed into the contradiction between the people’s growing needs for a better life and the development with insufficient imbalance." This statement in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China means that major changes have taken place in the major social contradictions in our country. This major change is a historic change that has a bearing on the overall situation, which puts forward many new requirements for the work of the Party and the State, and is also an important basis for the Party and the State to formulate major policies and long-term strategies.
"The main social contradiction is an objective reflection of the development level and social development stage of a social productive force. What kind of social principal contradiction will exist at what level and at what development stage of the productive force." Xin Ming, a professor at the Central Party School, said that the most fundamental reason for the transformation of major social contradictions in China is that social productive forces have made a leap forward in stages and the level of productive forces has made a qualitative breakthrough.
There are many manifestations of major social contradictions in reality, such as dissatisfaction with the supply of domestic products and services, and a large amount of consumption flowing overseas; There are new expectations for social fairness and justice, and the tolerance for unfair and unreasonable institutional phenomena is reduced; The demand for the ecological environment is constantly increasing, and environmental pollution can easily lead to social contradictions, and so on.
"Those who are good at treating diseases will cure their diseased places; Those who are good at saving the disadvantages will plug the source of their disadvantages. " Changes in major social contradictions have put forward new requirements for improving macro-control. Although there are cyclical and aggregate factors, the prominent contradictions and problems faced by China’s economic operation are rooted in major structural imbalances, which lead to poor economic cycle. We must find ways to achieve a new dynamic balance between supply and demand from the supply-side structural reform.
Xin Ming said that in order to adapt to the major contradictions and changes in China’s economic development and improve macro-control, we must adhere to the supply-side structural reform as the main line, adhere to the quality first and benefit first, promote the quality change, efficiency change and power change of economic development, improve the total factor productivity, and strive to accelerate the construction of an industrial system with coordinated development of the real economy, scientific and technological innovation, modern finance and human resources, and strive to build an economic system with effective market mechanism, dynamic micro-subjects and moderate macro-control, so as to continuously enhance China’s economy.
Adhere to the Problem-oriented and Deploy the New Strategy of Economic Development
The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that adhering to the problem-oriented deployment of the new economic development strategy has a far-reaching impact on China’s economic and social development and change.
Innovation-driven development strategy, rural revitalization strategy, regional coordinated development strategy and sustainable development strategy … … Adhering to the problem-oriented deployment of a new strategy for economic development is a distinctive feature of the Party Central Committee’s governance of the country since the 18th National Congress, and it is also the demand for economic development to enter a new era. Adhere to the problem orientation, not from books and experience, but from China’s national conditions and realistic contradictions.
Adhere to the problem orientation, how to find the right problem? Hou Yongzhi, director of the Development Strategy and Regional Economic Research Department of the State Council Development Research Center, said that since Socialism with Chinese characteristics entered a new era, the major social contradictions in our country have changed, we should start from solving this contradiction to find problems, such as the imbalance between regions, urban and rural areas, economic growth and ecological environment, and the insufficient development of high-end manufacturing and high-end service industries. All these problems should be the direction of efforts.
Adhere to the problem-oriented, we should avoid only looking at the appearance of the problem, but find the essence of the problem. Hou Yongzhi, for example, said that the imbalance between economic development and ecological protection is not only a superficial problem of insufficient investment in ecological protection, but also a problem of industrial structure and economic structure. The industrial structure is biased towards the low-end and the pressure on ecological protection is naturally greater. To protect green mountains and green rivers, we should start with adjusting the industrial structure and economic structure.
Adhere to correct working strategies and methods.
The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that we should adhere to correct working strategies and methods, strive for progress steadily, maintain strategic strength, adhere to bottom line thinking, and move forward step by step.
"Those who get the law get twice the result with half the effort, and those who don’t get the law get twice the result with half the effort". Doing a good job in economic work is inseparable from correct working strategies and methods. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has always firmly grasped the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, stressed the need to maintain strategic strength, adhere to problem-oriented and bottom-line thinking, carry forward the spirit of nailing, and move forward step by step.
"Insisting on striving for progress in stability has become the basis for China’s stable and good economic situation since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China." Pan Jiancheng pointed out that economic development has entered a new era, and "stability" not only refers to stable economic growth, but also includes stable employment, prices and social and economic environment; "Advance" not only refers to the improvement of quality, efficiency and new kinetic energy, but also includes better protection of resources and environment and improvement of people’s livelihood. "Stability" and "progress" are dialectical unity and should be grasped as a whole.
"Too much is too late, and the key to doing a good job in the current economic work lies in the macro policy ‘ Degree ’ You must understand what is moderation and what is loss. " Pan Jiancheng said that improving the pertinence and accuracy of macro-control is just like a good doctor diagnosing a disease. For example, to judge whether the economic operation is moderate, more consideration should be given to whether employment is stable and whether prices are in a reasonable range. For another example, there is an obvious regional gap in the real estate market, so it is more conducive to the healthy and sustainable development of the whole real estate industry to put an end to "one size fits all" regulation.
