Changchun, China, May 18 (Reporter Yu Zhongtao correspondent Wei Jing and Qi Huilian) On May 16, an expert demonstration meeting on the system pilot scheme of China Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park was held in Changchun, Jilin Province. "China Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park System Pilot Program" passed the expert argumentation, which marked the official start of the system pilot work of China Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park.
Due to the increase of human activities and the destruction of forest ecosystem, the habitat of wild Amur tiger is shrinking day by day. In the late 1970s, the number of wild Siberian tigers had decreased to about 200. In 1998 and 1999, the results of joint investigation by experts from China, Russia and the United States showed that there were only 12-mdash tigers left in Northeast China. 16, Northeast Leopard 7— 12. With the implementation of natural forest protection project and the establishment of nature reserves, especially in Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces in the mid-1990 s, the ecological environment of tiger and leopard habitats in Northeast China has gradually improved and wild populations have been restored. 2012 — In 2014, Beijing Normal University and Jilin Provincial Forestry Department found that the number of Siberian tigers had recovered to 27 and the number of Siberian leopards to 42 through infrared equipment monitoring. Scientific research shows that more than 50 females are needed in the wild tiger and leopard population to ensure the safe reproduction of the population within a hundred years.
The distribution of wild Butch and Leopard population in Northeast China spans Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces. The activity area of Butch and Leopard in Northeast China involves many forestry bureaus, forest farms, cities, counties, towns, villages and nature reserves in two provinces. The natural resource assets are under the jurisdiction of many departments and administrative regions, and the protection and management are fragmented, and the system and mechanism are not smooth and the management is not in place. In addition, cultivated land, ginseng land, pasture, reservoirs, industrial and mining enterprises, roads and railways are interspersed in the region, and the fragmentation of tiger and leopard habitats is prominent, which compresses and divides the living space of tiger and leopard in Northeast China, and incidents of tiger and leopard hurting people and animals also occur from time to time.
On April 8, the Central Financial and Economic Leading Group Office held a meeting to deploy Jilin Province as the main body and Heilongjiang Province to carry out the pilot work of the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park system. On May 4th and 15th, two coordination meetings on the planning scheme of Northeast Tiger National Park were held. On May 16th, the system pilot scheme of China Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park passed the expert demonstration.
The guiding ideology of establishing China Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park is to build Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park into a business card for China’s ecological civilization construction, a window for displaying the image of a responsible big country in international wildlife protection, and a window for wildlife protection and international cooperation, with the protection and restoration of its wild population and habitat as the core, the comprehensive ban on natural forests and the reform of state-owned forest farms as the opportunity, and the innovation of ecological protection management system and mechanism as the breakthrough.
The scope of the proposed Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park is defined according to the principles of the main habitats, diffusion corridors and potential distribution areas of wild Northeast Tiger and Leopard, the integrity and naturalness of the ecosystem, avoiding densely populated areas and areas with frequent economic activities as far as possible, and adapting to the development needs of the Northeast Tiger and Leopard population. The scope covers Jilin Province and Heilongjiang Province, with Jilin Province as the main one.
Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park has three objectives: scientific planning and reasonable layout. Consolidate the existing breeding population of Butch and Leopard in Northeast China and form a stable species source. Through the Northeast Tiger and Leopard Migration Corridor, it provides space conditions for accepting tigers and leopards migrated from settlement areas. Restore the potential habitat ecology and realize the return of the northeast tiger and leopard population to the historical distribution area and settle down and reproduce; The system is streamlined and the management is efficient. By clarifying the ownership of natural resources assets in national parks, rationalizing the protection management system, improving the operation mechanism and supervision system, the problems of overlapping and multi-head management of protected areas in parks are fundamentally solved, and a unified, standardized and efficient management model is formed; Perfect function and harmonious development. Through scientific division of functional areas and differential protection, the value of natural resources in the park will be fully tapped and utilized, and a mechanism for ecological protection and people’s benefit sharing will be established.
Carrying out the pilot system of the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park is of great significance for innovating the system and mechanism of wildlife protection, realizing the harmonious coexistence between man and nature, promoting the construction of ecological civilization and beautiful China, and enhancing the international image of wildlife protection in China. The establishment of China Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park, integrating related areas and various protected areas, and reducing human disturbance and destruction can effectively protect the uniqueness, authenticity and integrity of forest ecosystem, enhance the suitability and connectivity of habitats, and realize the safe and stable reproduction of Northeast Tiger and Leopard in China, which is also of strategic significance for protecting wildlife resources and enriching biodiversity. The establishment of China Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park is a key move to effectively protect and expand the wild population of Northeast Tiger and Leopard, and it is a practical action for China to fulfill its international obligations and responsibilities, which is conducive to establishing the image of China as a highly responsible country for protecting biodiversity and maintaining global ecological security, and will certainly make great contributions to the rescue of wild tigers and leopards around the world.